Basic knowledge of motors (1)

Motor definition: refers to an electromagnetic device that converts or transfers electrical energy based on the law of electromagnetic induction.
Electric motors, also known as electric motors (commonly known as motors), are represented by the letter "M" (formerly known as "D") in circuits. Its main function is to generate driving torque as a power source for electrical appliances or various machinery.
 
Classification of electric motors:
1. Classified by working power source: According to the different working power sources of electric motors, they can be divided into DC motors and AC motors. Among them, AC motors are also divided into single-phase motors and three-phase motors.
2. Classified by structure and working principle: Electric motors can be divided into asynchronous motors and synchronous motors according to their structure and working principle.
Synchronous motors can also be divided into permanent magnet synchronous motors, reluctance synchronous motors, and hysteresis synchronous motors.
Asynchronous motors can be divided into induction motors and AC commutator motors. Induction motors are divided into three-phase asynchronous motors, single-phase asynchronous motors, and shielded pole asynchronous motors. AC commutator motors are divided into single-phase series excited motors, AC/DC dual-purpose motors, and repulsion motors.
DC motors can be divided into brushless DC motors and brushed DC motors according to their structure and working principle. Brushed DC motors can be divided into permanent magnet DC motors and electromagnetic DC motors. Electromagnetic DC motors are divided into series excited DC motors, parallel excited DC motors, separately excited DC motors, and compound excited DC motors. Permanent magnet DC motors are divided into rare earth permanent magnet DC motors, ferrite permanent magnet DC motors, and aluminum nickel cobalt permanent magnet DC motors.
3. Classified by starting and operating modes: Electric motors can be divided into capacitor starting motors, capacitor starting motors, capacitor starting operating motors, and phase separated motors according to their starting and operating modes.
4. Classified by purpose: Electric motors can be divided into drive motors and control motors according to their purpose.
Electric motors for driving are further divided into electric motors for power tools (including drilling, polishing, grinding, slotting, cutting, and expanding tools), electric motors for household appliances (including washing machines, electric fans, refrigerators, air conditioners, recorders, video recorders, DVD players, vacuum cleaners, cameras, electric blowers, electric shavers, etc.), and electric motors for other general small mechanical equipment (including various small machine tools, small machinery, medical equipment, electronic instruments, etc.).
Control motors are divided into stepper motors and servo motors.
5. According to the structure of the rotor, electric motors can be classified into cage induction motors (formerly known as squirrel cage asynchronous motors) and wound rotor induction motors (formerly known as wound type asynchronous motors).
6. Classified by operating speed: Electric motors can be divided into high-speed motors, low-speed motors, constant speed motors, and speed regulating motors according to operating speed.
Low speed motors are divided into gear reduction motors, electromagnetic reduction motors, torque motors, and claw pole synchronous motors.
Adjustable speed motors can be divided into stepped constant speed motors, continuously variable speed motors, stepped variable speed motors, and infinitely variable speed motors, as well as electromagnetic speed motors, DC speed motors, PWM variable frequency speed motors, and switched reluctance speed motors.